Refugee Education

Education is critical for refugee children and youth. The 2030 Agenda and 2018 Global Compact on Refugees call for all forcibly displaced children and youth (including refugees, asylum seekers, and internally displaced people) to have access to inclusive, equitable, and quality education. Both stress the importance of equal access to quality education for all forcibly displaced children, youth, and their host communities, regardless of legal status, gender, or disability.

At the end of 2023, there were over 117.3 million forcibly displaced people around the world. Of the 31.6 million refugees under UNHCR’s mandate, approximately 14.8 million are refugee children of school age. Their access to education is limited, with almost half of them unable to attend school at all.

Refugee education should not be a short-term crisis intervention dependent upon unpredictable and unsustainable funding. 

Who is a refugee?

According to the 1951 Refugee Convention, a refugee is someone who, owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his or her nationality, and is unable to, or owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail him or herself of the protection of that country.

Key Messages 

20 June 2024 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Global Trends: Forced Displacement 2023

UNHCR's Global Trends report presents key statistical trends and the latest official statistics on refugees, asylum-seekers, internally displaced and stateless people worldwide. At the end of 2023, 117.3 million people worldwide were forcibly displaced as a result of persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations and events seriously disturbing public order.

5 September 2024 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Advancing inclusion, self-reliance, and solutions through education for refugees: A spotlight on Education at the GRF 2023

This document outlined areas for alignment with the global and national architecture, key issues for consideration, and concepts and approaches related to the pledge development process. The pledging framework encouraged stakeholders to align their commitments with host country policies, the Transforming Education Summit Calls to Action, and the Sustainable Development Goals.

6 December 2023 Brief UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organziation (UNESCO), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Building Inclusive Education Systems for Refugees

This brief advances knowledge on the current state of inclusion of refugee learners. It is based on several separate but complementary studies carried out by UNICEF Innocenti, UNHCR, and UNESCO, and was developed to share common inter-agency findings, gaps, and learnings.

6 December 2023 Report United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organziation (UNESCO), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Towards evidence-based policy-making for refugee education

This report aims to contribute to an emerging landscape on refugee inclusion in national education systems by exploring the relationship between policy and data within a broader narrative of inclusion, from arrival in the host country to the achievement of durable solutions

20 November 2023 Brief United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organziation (UNESCO)

The right to higher education for refugees and forcibly displaced people

The following briefing note compendium reflects wide-ranging analysis and insights of the various barriers that refugees and forcibly displaced people experience in accessing, progressing, and completing higher education. At the same time, the briefing notes present considerations that States and other higher education stakeholders should take into account to defend and promote the right to higher education for this equity deserving group.

9 September 2024 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Refugee Education: Five Years on from the Launch of the 2030 Refugee Education Strategy

The 2024 UNHCR Refugee Education Report draws on data from more than 65 countries worldwide to provide the most detailed picture yet of the state of refugee education and enrolment. The report reflects on the 2030 Refugee Education Strategy (launched in 2019) and where notable progress has been made as well as areas where greater investment and enhanced collaboration are needed to meet the strategic objectives of the Strategy.

20 November 2018 Report UNESCO Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report

Global Education Monitoring Report 2019: Migration, Displacement and Education - Building Bridges, Not Walls

The 2019 GEM Report, Building bridges, not walls, continues its assessments of progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) on education and its ten targets, as well as other related education targets in the SDG agenda.

1 December 2018 Report Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Safe Pathways for Refugees: family reunification, study programmes and labor mobility

This OECD-UNHCR mapping exercise examines the use of a subset of complementary pathways for admission by refugees to third counties, focusing on non-humanitarian regular entry visas granted for family, study or work purposes in OECD destination countries since 2010.

2 January 2018 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Her Turn: It's time to make refugee girls' education a priority

This report reviews strategies on how to widen access to education for female refugees, and demands that the international community assists in making this a reality.

1 January 2017 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Left Behind: Refugee Education in Crisis

This report tells the stories of some of the world’s 6.4 million refugee children and adolescents under UNHCR’s mandate who are of primary and secondary school-going age, between 5 and 17.

29 August 2018 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Turn the Tide: Refugee Education in Crisis

This report tells the stories of some of the world’s 7.4 million refugee children of school age under UNHCR’s mandate. In addition, it looks at the educational aspirations of refugee youth eager to continue learning after secondary education, and highlights the need for strong partnerships in order to break down the barriers to education for millions of refugee children.