Educação para Pessoas Refugiadas

A educação é fundamental para crianças e jovens refugiados e refugiadas. A Agenda 2030 e o Pacto Global sobre Refugiados de 2018 exigem que todas as crianças e jovens deslocados à força (incluindo pessoas refugiadas, requerentes de asilo e pessoas deslocadas internamente) tenham acesso a uma educação inclusiva, equitativa e de qualidade.

No final de 2023, havia mais de 117.3 milhões de pessoas deslocadas à força em todo o mundo.

A educação das pessoas refugiadas não deve ser uma intervenção em situações de crise de curto prazo, dependente de financiamentos imprevisíveis e insustentáveis.

Quem é uma pessoa refugiada?

De acordo com a Convenção de Refugiados de 1951, uma pessoa refugiada é uma pessoa que, devido a um medo fundamentado de perseguição devido à sua etnia, religião, nacionalidade, associação a determinado grupo social ou opinião política, se encontra fora do seu país de nacionalidade e é incapaz, ou, devido a esse medo, sente-se reticente, de beneficiar da proteção desse país.

Mensagens-chave

  • A nível global, 90% das crianças estão matriculadas no ensino primário, 86% no ensino secundário e 43% na educação terciária. Em 2022-2023, apenas 65% das crianças refugiadas estavam matriculadas na escola primária, 42% na escola secundária e 7% na educação terciária.
  • A educação protege crianças e jovens refugiados, entre outros riscos, do recrutamento forçado por grupos armados, do trabalho infantil, da exploração sexual e do casamento infantil.
  • A educação oferece um lugar seguro onde meninas e meninos refugiados podem aprender e estabelecer relações significativas com os seus e suas pares no contexto normal de uma sala de aula
  • A educação reforça a resiliência da comunidade e dota as alunas e os alunos com conhecimentos e competências para encontrar soluções a longo prazo.
  • A educação capacita as pessoas refugiadas, dando-lhes conhecimento e competências para viver vidas produtivas, gratificantes e independentes.
  • A educação ajuda as pessoas refugiadas a tornarem-se autossuficientes, permitindo-lhes aprender sobre si mesmas e sobre o mundo ao seu redor, enquanto se esforçam para reconstruir as suas vidas e comunidades.
  • A falta de documentos e recursos financeiros, a disponibilidade limitada de escolas (especialmente secundárias) e a xenofobia são algumas das principais razões que impedem as pessoas refugiadas de aceder à educação.
19 Junho 2019 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2018

The Global Trends Report is published every year to analyze the changes in UNHCR’s populations of concern and deepen public understanding of ongoing crises. In 2018, the global population of forcibly displaced increased by 2.3 million people. As a result, the world’s forcibly displaced population remained yet again at a record high. 

20 Junho 2024 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Global Trends: Forced Displacement 2023

UNHCR's Global Trends report presents key statistical trends and the latest official statistics on refugees, asylum-seekers, internally displaced and stateless people worldwide. At the end of 2023, 117.3 million people worldwide were forcibly displaced as a result of persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations and events seriously disturbing public order.

5 Setembro 2024 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Advancing inclusion, self-reliance, and solutions through education for refugees: A spotlight on Education at the GRF 2023

This document outlined areas for alignment with the global and national architecture, key issues for consideration, and concepts and approaches related to the pledge development process. The pledging framework encouraged stakeholders to align their commitments with host country policies, the Transforming Education Summit Calls to Action, and the Sustainable Development Goals.

6 Dezembro 2023 Brief UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organziation (UNESCO), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Building Inclusive Education Systems for Refugees

This brief advances knowledge on the current state of inclusion of refugee learners. It is based on several separate but complementary studies carried out by UNICEF Innocenti, UNHCR, and UNESCO, and was developed to share common inter-agency findings, gaps, and learnings.

6 Dezembro 2023 Report United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organziation (UNESCO), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Towards evidence-based policy-making for refugee education

This report aims to contribute to an emerging landscape on refugee inclusion in national education systems by exploring the relationship between policy and data within a broader narrative of inclusion, from arrival in the host country to the achievement of durable solutions

20 Novembro 2023 Brief United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organziation (UNESCO)

The right to higher education for refugees and forcibly displaced people

The following briefing note compendium reflects wide-ranging analysis and insights of the various barriers that refugees and forcibly displaced people experience in accessing, progressing, and completing higher education. At the same time, the briefing notes present considerations that States and other higher education stakeholders should take into account to defend and promote the right to higher education for this equity deserving group.

9 Setembro 2024 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Refugee Education: Five Years on from the Launch of the 2030 Refugee Education Strategy

The 2024 UNHCR Refugee Education Report draws on data from more than 65 countries worldwide to provide the most detailed picture yet of the state of refugee education and enrolment. The report reflects on the 2030 Refugee Education Strategy (launched in 2019) and where notable progress has been made as well as areas where greater investment and enhanced collaboration are needed to meet the strategic objectives of the Strategy.

20 Novembro 2018 Relatório UNESCO Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report

Relatório de monitoramento global da educação 2019: migração, deslocamento e educação: construir pontes, não muros

Este Relatório vê as migrações e os deslocamentos pelos olhos dos docentes e dos gestores educacionais que enfrentam a realidade de diferentes salas de aula, ambientes escolares, comunidades, mercados de trabalho e sociedades.

1 Dezembro 2018 Report Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Safe Pathways for Refugees: family reunification, study programmes and labor mobility

This OECD-UNHCR mapping exercise examines the use of a subset of complementary pathways for admission by refugees to third counties, focusing on non-humanitarian regular entry visas granted for family, study or work purposes in OECD destination countries since 2010.

2 Janeiro 2018 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Her Turn: It's time to make refugee girls' education a priority

This report reviews strategies on how to widen access to education for female refugees, and demands that the international community assists in making this a reality.

1 Janeiro 2017 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Left Behind: Refugee Education in Crisis

This report tells the stories of some of the world’s 6.4 million refugee children and adolescents under UNHCR’s mandate who are of primary and secondary school-going age, between 5 and 17.

29 Agosto 2018 Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Turn the Tide: Refugee Education in Crisis

This report tells the stories of some of the world’s 7.4 million refugee children of school age under UNHCR’s mandate. In addition, it looks at the educational aspirations of refugee youth eager to continue learning after secondary education, and highlights the need for strong partnerships in order to break down the barriers to education for millions of refugee children.