Factors Determining Democratic Attitudes in Deeply Divided Societies
The data for this study are drawn from 11 surveys conducted in countries in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, southeast Europe and the Caucasus. All the surveys used the same questionnaire, which was filled out in face-to-face interviews. The dependent variable is “attitudes towards democracy”: towards the rule of law, the separation of powers, freedom of expression and the press, election fraud, domination by one group and one-party rule, summarised as a democracy index. Independent variables include gender, age, occupation, and religious affiliation, membership of an ethnic or religious group, income and level of education as well as attitude scales for cautiousness, economic satisfaction, religiosity, communalism and conviviality.