In a double-shift system, which aims primarily to extend access and minimize unit costs, schools cater to two entirely separate groups of pupils during a school day.

Le présent ouvrage s’intéresse à la scolarisation à double vacation, qui a longtemps été une question critique de la planifi cation de l’éducation en raison des possibilités d’économies de coût qu’elle offre.

In areas facing crises, school management is typically weak as community leaders and teachers find themselves taking on new roles in school management. The lack of experience in school management is particularly problematic in times of crisis.